Backup and Restore a WINS Database

Backup and Restore a WINS Database

If you are unable to repair a corrupt database that has been caused by a system failure, a virus attach, a power failure, or a similar disaster, you can first delete the WINS database and then entirely restore it from a backup. The WINS management console is a comprehensive tool which can be used to plan and perform a WINS database backup. Once the database backup directory has been specified, by default, WINS takes complete backup after every 24 hours and stores it in that directory. The WINS management console also provides a backup option which you can use to restore a server database if corruption should occur.

 Procedure for Specifying a Backup Directory and Initiating a Manual Backup

 To specify a backup directory for the WINS database:

 1. In the WINS console options, right click the WINS server that you want to backup and then click properties.

 2. On the general tab in the Default backup path box, type the name of the path of the directory that WINS server uses for database backups.

Note: When WINS backs up the server database, it creates a Wins_bakNew Folder in the backup folder that you specify. Current and any previous backups of the WINS database which is normally the Wins.mdb file, is stored in this folder. It is very essential to make sure the backup path is located on the local computer itself. Root drive is set as the default backup path. The backup folder must be located on the local computer. WINS automatically performs a full backup of its database to this directory every 24 hours. WINS uses this directory to perform an automatic restoration of the database if the database is found to be corrupted when WINS is started. Never specify a network path or a MAP drive path.

 3. On the general tab, if required, select the Backup database during server shutdown option followed by OK.

 Procedure for Manually Backing up a WINS database

 To manually backup a WINS database:

 1. In WINS console, right click on the server name that you would like to backup and select the option Back UP Database.

 2. In the Browse for folder dialog box, select the folder to which you want to backup the WINS database, and then click ok.

Restoring a WINS Database

 Restoring a WINS database involves first stopping the WINS service. Because a server might require several minutes of processing before it can effectively stop WINS, make sure that the service is completely stopped before you begin the restore process. Before you restore the database, make sure you have deleted all necessary files available in that folder path located on the local WINS server, used in restoring the database.

 Procedure for Restoring a WINS database

 In the event that the WINS database becomes corrupt and cannot be repaired, restore it from a recent backup. To restore a WINS database from a recent backup:

 1. Stop the WINS service either from the WINS management console or from the services console. If the server is very busy it might take some time before the service is completely stopped. Therefore, wait until you have noticed that the service has stopped before proceeding with any database restore.

 2. Make sure the WINS restore folder does not contain any existing files. Therefore, delete them all well before restoring the database. If you want to find out which path has been selected for restoration then it can be found at the WINS server name properties, advanced tab.

 3. In WINS, right-click the name of the server that you are configuring, and then click Restore Database. Once the WINS service is stopped, the Restore Database option will be available. (Note: It is very important to stop the WINS service otherwise the restore database option will be grayed out) Some times, you will have to refresh the WINS console to let the latest changes to the WINS service (which is now stopped) reported effectively to the management console. You can do this by selecting the required WINS server an picking the refresh option that becomes available when you right click on the WINS server name.

 4. Use the Browse button to search for that specific backup Folder, click the folder that you have used last time to store the back up of the WINS database. After selecting the folder, click OK twice to close and apply the changes.

 5. Before proceeding with the restoration process, make sure the WINS needs to compare the backup path specified for restoration with the one specified under the WINS server properties, backup path.

Reference:

http://www.tech-faq.com/how-to-backup-and-restore-a-wins-database.html

DHCP Reservation

DHCP Reservation

A DHCP reservation is a permanent IP address assignment. It is a specific IP address within a DHCP scope that is permanently reserved for leased use to a specific DHCP client.

 Users can configure a DHCP reservation in their DHCP server when they need to reserve a permanent IP address assignment. Reservations are used for DHCP enabled devices like print and file servers or other application servers that always have the fixed IP address on the network.

 A reservation consists of the following information:

 Reservation name: Name that the administrator assigns

 IP Address:IP address from the scope for the client

 MAC Address:Client’s Media Access Control (MAC) address

 Description:Description that the administrator assigns

 Supported: DHCP reservation, Boot Protocol (BOOTP), or both

Working with DHCP Reservations in the Microsoft DHCP Server

 Configuring a DHCP Reservation

 •Open the DHCP console.

 •In the console tree, click reservations.

 •On the action menu, click new reservation.

  •In the new reservation dialog box, provide the values for the following fields:

•Reservation name.

 •IP address.

 •MAC address (without hyphens).

 •Description.

 •Under supported types, select one of the following options:

•Both

 •DHCP only

 •BOOTP only

  •In the new reservations dialog box, click add then close.

Verifying the DHCP Reservation

 •On the client computer, release the client’s IP address at the command prompt with the ipconfig/release command.

 •On the server computer, in the DHCP console under address leases, verify that the reservation displays as inactive.

 •On the client computer, renew the client’s IP address at command prompt with the ipconfig/renew command.

 •On the server computer, in the DHCP console under address leases, verify that the reservation displays as active.

Client Verification

 •To verify the client’s IP address, set obtain IP address automatically from TCP/IP properties.

 •Use the ipconfig/all command. Verify that the DHCP server IP address for the partner network connection is the IP address of the DHCP server’s partner network connection.

 •Use the ipconfig/release command to release the IP address from the DHCP server.

 •Use the ipconfig/renew command to renew the IP address from DHCP server.

Reference:

http://www.tech-faq.com/dhcp-reservation.html

DHCP Scope

DHCP Scope

A DHCP scope is a valid range of IP addresses that are available for assignment or lease to client computers on a particular subnet. In a DHCP server, a scope is configured to determine the address pool of IPs that the server can provide to DHCP clients.

 Scopes determine which IP addresses are provided to the clients. They should be defined and activated before DHCP clients use the DHCP server for its dynamic IP configuration. Users can configure as many scopes on a DHCP server as required in the network environment.

 DHCP Scope Properties

Network ID: The network ID for the range of IP addresses

Subnet mask: The subnet mask for the network ID

 Network IP address range:The range of IP addresses that are available to clients

 Lease duration: The period of time that the DHCP server holds a leased IP address for a client before removing the lease.

 Router: A DHCP option that allows DHCP clients to access remote networks.

 Scope name: An alphanumeric identifier for administrative purposes.

 Exclusion range: The range of IP addresses in the scope that is excluded from being leased.

 Each subnet can have a single DHCP scope that has a single continuous range of IP addresses. Specific addresses or groups of addresses can be excluded from the range that the DHCP scope specifies. Normally, only one scope can be assigned to a subnet. If more than one scope is required on a subnet, the scopes must first be created then combined into a super scope.

 For example, if there are two subnets, then users can create two separate scopes for the separate subnets on one DHCP server. Users create a separate scope because the subnets have different IP addressing schemes.

 Configuring DHCP Scopes in the Microsoft DHCP Server

 1.Open the DHCP console.

 2.In the console tree, click applicable DHCP server.

 3.On the action menu, click applicable DHCP server.

 4.In the new scope wizard, click next.

 5.On the scope name page, configure the name and description.

 6.On the IP address range page, configure the start IP address, end IP address, and subnet mask.

 7.On add exclusive page, configure the start IP address and end IP address if applicable. If there is one IP address exclusion, configure only that IP address as the start IP address.

 8.On the lease duration page, configure the days, hours, and minutes.

 9.On the configure DHCP option page, select “no, I will configure these options later.”

 10.On the completing new scope wizard page, click finish.

Reference:

http://www.tech-faq.com/dhcp-scope.html

DHCP Relay Agents

DHCP Relay Agents

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a service that runs at the application layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack to dynamically assign IP addresses to DHCP clients, and to allocate TCP/IP configuration information to DHCP clients. This includes subnet mask information, default gateway IP addresses, DNS IP addresses, and WINS IP addresses. The DHCP protocol is derived from the Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) protocol. The DHCP server is configured with a predetermined pool of IP addresses (scopes), from which it allocates IP addresses to DHCP clients. During the boot process, DHCP clients request IP addresses, and obtain leases for IP addresses from the DHCP server.

 When the DHCP client boots up on the network, the DHCP lease process occurs between the DHCP server and DHCP client. During the DHCP lease process, the DHCP scopes configured for a DHCP server is used to provide DHCP clients with IP addresses.

 The DHCP lease process consists of four messages sent between the DHCP server and the DHCP client:

 •DHCPDISCOVER message: This message is sent by a client when it boots up on the network to request an IP address lease from a DHCP server. The message is sent as a broadcast packet over the network, requesting for a DHCP server to respond to it.

 •DHCPOFFER message: This message is a response to a DHCPDISCOVER message, and is sent by one or numerous DHCP servers.

 •DHCPREQUEST message: The client sends the initial DHCP server which responded to its request a DHCP Request message. The message indicates that the client is requesting the particular IP address for lease.

 •DHCPACK message: The DHCP Acknowledge message is sent by the DHCP server to the DHCP client and is the process whereby which the DHCP server assigns the IP address lease to the DHCP client.

 Because the DHCPDISCOVER message is a broadcast message, and broadcasts only cross other segments when they are explicitly routed, you might have to configure a DHCP Relay Agent on the router interface so that all DHCPDISCOVER messages can be forwarded to your DHCP server. Alternatively, you can configure the router to forward DHCP messages and BOOTP message. In a routed network, you would need DHCP Relay Agents if you plan to implement only one DHCP server.

For DHCP to operate, all of client computers should be able to contact the DHCP server. DHCP relies on the network topology, and is in turn relied on by all TCP/IP based hosts within your networking environment. Therefore, if your network has multiple segments, you have to perform either of the following:

 •Place a DHCP server on each segment.

 •Place a DHCP Relay Agent on each segment.
 •Configure your routers to forward broadcast messages.

 The DHCP Relay Agent makes it possible for DHCP broadcast messages to be sent over routers that do not support forwarding of these types of messages. The DHCP Relay Agent is therefore the routing protocol that enables DHCP clients to obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server on a remote subnet, or which is not located on the local subnet. If you have no configured DHCP Relay Agent, your clients would only be able to obtain IP addresses from the DHCP server which is on the same subnet. To enable clients to obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server on a remote subnet, you have to configure the DHCP Relay Agent on the subnet that contains the remote clients, so that it can relay DHCP broadcast messages to your DHCP server.

 The systems that can use the DHCP Relay Agent are:

 •Windows NT Server.
 •Windows 2000 Server.
 •Windows Server 2003.

 In routed networks, you need to either enable your routers to forward DHCP broadcast messages or configure a DHCP Relay Agent for the following reasons:

 •The router will drop DHCP broadcast messages if it is not configured to forward them, and no DHCP Relay Agent exists.
 •The DHCP lease process would not be able to place. The initial message sent by the DHCP client is a broadcast message.

Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent

 The process for configuring the DHCP Relay Agent is outlined below:

 •Enable Routing and Remote Access Server (RRAS).
 •Install the DHCP Relay Agent routing protocol.
 •Configure DHCP Relay Agent properties.
 •Configure/enable the DHCP Relay Agent on the router interface to forward DHCP broadcast messages.
 •View statistical information on the operation of the DHCP Relay Agent.

How to enable Routing and Remote Access Server (RRAS):

 1.Click Start, All Programs, Administrative Tools and then click Routing and Remote Access to open the Routing And Remote Access console.

 2.Right-click the node of your server, and then choose Configure And Enable Routing and Remote Access from the shortcut menu.

 3.The Routing and Remote Access Server Setup Wizard launches.

 4.Click Next on the initial page of the wizard.

 5.On the Configuration page, select the Custom Configuration option. Click Next.

 6.On the Custom Configuration page, enable the LAN Routing checkbox. Click Next.

 7.Verify your configuration settings on the Summary page.

 8.Click Finish.

 9.Click Yes when prompted to start the RRAS service.

 How to install the DHCP Relay Agent routing protocol:

 1.Open the Routing And Remote Access console.

 2.Expand the IP Routing node in the console tree.

 3.Right-click the General node, and then select New Routing Protocol from the shortcut menu.

 4.The New Routing Protocol dialog box opens.

 5.Select DHCP Relay Agent.

 6.Click OK.

 How to configure DHCP Relay Agent properties:

 1.Click Start, All Programs, Administrative Tools and then click Routing and Remote Access to open the Routing And Remote Access console.

 2.Expand the IP Routing node in the console tree.

 3.Right-click the DHCP Relay Agent node, and then select Properties from the shortcut menu.

 4.On the General tab, enter the IP address of the DHCP server in the Server Address text box, and click Add.

 5.Repeat the above step for each DHCP server that you have to add.

 6.Click OK.

 How to enable the DHCP Relay Agent on a router interface:

 1.Click Start, All Programs, Administrative Tools and then click Routing and Remote Access to open the Routing And Remote Access console.

 2.Expand the IP Routing node in the console tree.

 3.Right-click the DHCP Relay Agent node and then select New Interface from the shortcut menu.

 4.Select the interface that is on the same subnet as the DHCP clients.

 5.Click OK.

 6.In the DHCP Relay Properties dialog box, ensure that the Relay DHCP Packets checkbox is selected on the General tab.

 7.You can change the Hop-Count Threshold and Boot Threshold values.

 8.Click OK.

 How to view statistical information on the operation of the DHCP Relay Agent:

 1.Click Start, All Programs, Administrative Tools and then click Routing and Remote Access to open the Routing And Remote Access console.

 2.Select the DHCP Relay Agent node, and view the statistical information that is displayed in the details pane of the Routing And Remote Access console:

•Received requests
 •Received replies
 •Discarded requests
 •Discarded replies


Reference:
http://www.tech-faq.com/dhcp-relay-agents.html

IMServer MODEL QUESTION

MODEL QUESTION

Course Title: Implementing, Managing and Maintaining Server                               Time: 3hrs (Network Infrastructure, Network Services)                                                                 Full Marks: 60

Course no: CSC-405                                                                                                                            Pass Marks: 24      

Group ‘A’

Attempt any Eight (8) Questions:  (8*5)                                                 

1.       What is the Role of Routing in the Network Infrastructure and Explain configure packet filters?

2.       Define DHCP server and what is the role of DHCP in the Network Infrastructure?

3.       How to manage DHCP database and define Applying Security guidelines for DHCP.

4.       Define introduction to the name Resolution Process. How to configure NetBIOS Name Resolution?

5.       Define (Domain Name System) DNS and what is the role of DNS in the Network Infrastructure?

6.       What is the process of configuring DNS Dynamic Updates? Explain with configure a DNS clients.

7.       How to manage records in WINS? Configure WINS Replication and managing the WINS database.

8.       Define IPSec and how IPSec monitoring?

9.       Define Network service access and how monitoring Network Access data?

10.   Write a short notes (any two)

a)      Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent

b)      Controlling user access to Network

c)       Configure the Time-to-Live Value

Group ‘B’

Attempt any Two (2*10)

1.       What is managing and monitoring Domain Name System(DNS)

Explain these points:

a)      Integrating WINS with DNS.

b)      Configure WINS Lookups in DNS.

c)        Resource Record exists by using NSLookup.

2.       Define the VPN and how to configure VPN connection?

Explain these points

a)      Configure a wireless connection.

b)      Controlling user Access to a Network

c)       Centralizing Network Access Authentication and policy management by using ISA.

syllabus of Implementing, Managing and Maintaining Server

Course Title: Implementing, Managing and Maintaining Server

(Network Infrastructure, Network Services)

Course no: CSC-405 Full Marks: 70+10+20

Credit hours: 3 Pass Marks: 28+4+8

Nature of course: Theory (3 Hrs.) + Lab (3 Hrs.)

Course Synopsis: Students with the knowledge and skills to implement, manage, and maintain a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 network infrastructure.

Goals: Implementing a network access infrastructure by configuring the connections for remote access clients; and managing and monitoring network access.

Course Contents:

Unit 1. Configuring Routing by Using Routing and Remote Access 3 Hrs.

1.1 Multimedia: The Role of Routing in the Network Infrastructure,

1.2 Enabling and Configuring the Routing and Remote Access Service,

1.3 Configuring Packet Filters

Unit 2. Allocating IP Addressing by Using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 7 Hrs.

Multimedia: The Role of DHCP in the Network Infrastructure, Adding and Authorizing a DHCP Server Service, Configuring a DHCP Scope, Configuring a DHCP Reservation, Configuring DHCP Options, Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent

Unit 3. Managing and Monitoring Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol (DHCP) 4 Hrs.

Managing a DHCP Database, Monitoring DHCP, Applying Security Guidelines for DHCP

Unit 4. Resolving Names 5 Hrs.

Multimedia: Introduction to the Name Resolution Process, Viewing Names on a Client, Configuring Host Name Resolution, Configuring NetBIOS Name Resolution

Unit 5. Resolving Host Names by Using Domain Name System (DNS) 5 Hrs.

Multimedia: The Role of DNS in the Network Infrastructure, Installing the DNS Server Service, Configuring the Properties for the DNS Server Service, Configuring the DNS Zones, Configuring DNS Zone Transfers, Configuring DNS Dynamic Updates, Configuring a DNS Client, Delegating Authority for Zones

Unit 6. Managing and Monitoring Domain Name System (DNS) 6 Hrs.

Configuring the Time-to-Live Value, Configuring Aging and Scavenging, Integrating DNS and WINS, Testing the DNS Server Configuration, Verifying that a Resource

Record Exists by Using Nslookup, DNSCmd, and DNSLint, Monitoring DNS Server Performance

Unit 7. Resolving NetBIOS Names by Using Windows Internet

Name Service (WINS) 5 Hrs.

Multimedia: The Role of WINS in the Network Infrastructure, Installing and Configuring a WINS Server, Managing Records in WINS, Configuring WINS Replication, Managing the WINS database

Unit 8. Securing Network Traffic by Using IPSec and Certificates 2 Hrs.

Implementing IPSec, Implementing IPSec with Certificates, Monitoring IPSec

Unit 9. Configuring Network Access 6 Hrs.

Introduction to a Network Access Infrastructure, Configuring a VPN Connection, Configuring a Dial-up Connection, Configuring a Wireless Connection, Controlling User Access to a Network, Centralizing Network Access Authentication and Policy Management by Using IAS

Unit 10. Managing and Monitoring Network Access 2 Hrs.

Managing the Network Access Services, Configuring Logging on a Network Access Server, Collecting and Monitoring Network Access Data

Laboratory works: Project on each unit

Text Books: Implementing, Managing and Maintaining Server 2003 Network Infrastructure Network Services

Reference: Do

Homework

Assignment: Assignment should be given from the above units in throughout the semester.

Computer Usage: No Specific

Prerequisite: Students should have a strong understanding of Microsoft Windows® Server 2003.

Category Content: Science Aspect: 50%

Design Aspect: 50%